Product introduction:
Lactic acid is an organic acid and the molecular formula is CH3CH(OH)COOH. It is a colorless liquid or white crystalline solid with a sour taste and a distinct odor.Lactic acid is classified as an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) due to the presence of a hydroxyl group on the alpha carbon. It is used as a synthetic intermediate in many organic synthesis industries and in various biochemical industries.
Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele was the first person to isolate lactic acid in 1780 from sour milk. The name reflects the lact- combining form derived from the Latin word lac, meaning "milk". In 1808, Jöns Jacob Berzelius discovered that lactic acid (actually l-lactate) also is produced in muscles during exertion. Its structure was established by Johannes Wislicenus in 1873. In 2006, global production of lactic acid reached 275,000 tonnes with an average annual growth of 10%.
What is the application of lactic acid?
Lactic acid is found primarily in sour milk products, such as kumis, laban, yogurt, kefir, and some cottage cheeses. The casein in fermented milk is coagulated (curdled) by lactic acid. Lactic acid is also responsible for the sour flavor of sourdough bread.
In addition to its applications in the food industry, lactic acid has various other uses. Lactic acid is used as a food preservative, curing agent, and flavoring agent.
It is utilized in the manufacturing of biodegradable plastics, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products. Due to its exfoliating and skin-rejuvenating properties, lactic acid is commonly found in skincare products, particularly in chemical peels and moisturizers.

What are the differences between the lactic acid and the lactate?
In the food industry, both lactic acid and lactate are used for different purposes and have distinct characteristics.
Lactic acid finds applications in various food products, including dairy products, beverages, confectionery, and baked goods. It is commonly used as an acidulant, flavor enhancer, and preservative. Lactate salts, such as calcium lactate and sodium lactate, are used in products like cheese, meat, poultry, and seafood. They help improve texture, extend shelf life, and enhance the safety of these products.
It's worth noting that lactic acid can convert to lactate in certain conditions, such as when it is used in food processing or when lactic acid-producing bacteria ferment carbohydrates. In such cases, the lactate formed can contribute to the desired properties and characteristics of the food product.
How to use lactic acid in food industry?
Lactic acid is commonly used in the food industry for various purposes, including acidification, flavor enhancement, preservation, and pH regulation.
As Acidification
Lactic acid can be added to food products to provide a tangy or sour taste. It is used in dairy products like yogurt, cheese, and sour cream to enhance flavor and contribute to the characteristic tanginess. In fermented foods like sauerkraut, pickles, and kimchi, lactic acid is naturally produced by lactic acid bacteria during the fermentation process, imparting acidity and contributing to the preservation of these products.
As pH Regulation
Lactic acid is an effective pH regulator and can be used to adjust and lower the pH of food products. It helps maintain an acidic environment, inhibiting the growth of spoilage-causing bacteria and extending the shelf life of the products. Lactic acid is often added to meat and poultry products, salad dressings, sauces, and beverages to control pH and enhance stability.
As Flavor Enhancement
Lactic acid can enhance the flavor of certain foods by improving their overall taste profile. It is commonly used in processed meats, such as ham and sausage, to improve flavor and impart a slightly tangy or "umami" taste. Lactic acid can also be added to baked goods, such as bread and pastry products, to enhance flavor and contribute to the development of desirable aromas during baking.
As Preservation
Lactic acid has antimicrobial properties and can be used as a natural preservative in food products. It inhibits the growth of bacteria, yeasts, and molds, thereby extending the shelf life and improving the safety of the products. Lactic acid is often used in meat and poultry products, salad dressings, sauces, and fermented foods to prevent spoilage and maintain product quality.